小升初英語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)歸納

一、學(xué)生易錯(cuò)詞匯：

1.a, an的選擇: 元音字母開頭的單詞用an，輔音字母開頭的單詞用a.

2. am , is , are的選擇: 單數(shù)用is , 復(fù)數(shù)用are. I 用 am , you 用 are.

3. have , has 的選擇: 表示某人有某物。單數(shù)用has , 復(fù)數(shù)用have. I , you 用 have .

4. there is, there are 的選擇:表示某地有某物，某人。單數(shù)用there is , 復(fù)數(shù)用there are.

5. some, any 的選擇:肯定句用some, 疑問(wèn)句和否定句用any.

6. 疑問(wèn)詞的選擇:what (什么) who (誰(shuí)) where (哪里) whose (誰(shuí)的) why(為什么)when(什么時(shí)候)

which(哪一個(gè))how old (多大) how many (多少)how much(多少錢)

二、動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式詳解

動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則有：

A規(guī)則動(dòng)詞

① 一般直接在動(dòng)詞的后面加ed：如worked , learned , cleaned , visited

②以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞直接加d：如lived , danced , used

③ 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞要改y為i再加ed(此類動(dòng)詞較少)如study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意play、stay不是輔音字母加y,所以不屬于此類)

④ 雙寫最后一個(gè)字母(此類動(dòng)詞較少)如stopped

B不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞

(此類詞并無(wú)規(guī)則，須熟記)小學(xué)階段要記住以下動(dòng)詞的原形和過(guò)去式：

sing – sang , eat – ate , see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read ,fly – flew , am/is – was , are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came , lose – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt。

三、句型專項(xiàng)歸類：

1、 肯定句：是指用肯定的語(yǔ)氣來(lái)陳述的句子，如：

I’m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.

There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.

2、否定句：含有否定詞或表示否定意義詞的句子，如：I’m not a student. She is not (isn’t) a doctor.

He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital. There are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom.

He will not (won’t) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening.

小結(jié)：否定句主要是在肯定句的基礎(chǔ)上加上了否定詞 “not”。有動(dòng)詞be的句子則“not”加在be后面，可縮寫成“isn’t，aren’t”，但am not 一般都分開寫。沒有動(dòng)詞be的句子則要先在主要?jiǎng)釉~的前面加上一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞(do，does，did)，然后在它后面加上“not”，你也可以把它們縮寫在一起如“don’t , doesn’t , didn’t )。這三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞要根據(jù)人稱和時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)選擇，其中“does”只用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)的情況，而“did”只用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)，不論主語(yǔ)是什么人稱和數(shù)，都用“did” 。

3、一般疑問(wèn)句：是指詢問(wèn)事實(shí)的句子，此類句子必須用“yes”，或“no”來(lái)回答。

如：Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, I’m not.

Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.

Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.

Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t.

Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t.)

Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(won’t).

Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.

Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.

小結(jié)：一般疑問(wèn)句是在肯定句的基礎(chǔ)上

①把動(dòng)詞be調(diào)到首位，其他照寫，末尾標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)變成問(wèn)號(hào)即可。

②沒有動(dòng)詞be的句子則要在句首加上一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞(do，does，did)再把緊跟在后面的動(dòng)詞變回原形，末尾標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)變成問(wèn)號(hào)即可。

這三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞也要根據(jù)人稱和時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)選擇，其中“does”只用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)的情況，而“did”只用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)，不論主語(yǔ)是什么人稱和數(shù)，都用“did” 。一般疑問(wèn)句有個(gè)重要的原則就是問(wèn)和答要一致，即問(wèn)句里的第一個(gè)單詞(助動(dòng)詞)和簡(jiǎn)略答句里的這個(gè)詞是一致的。

學(xué)好英語(yǔ)的方法

1. 聽和模仿一定要同時(shí)做。使用“LIP”方法：聽、模仿、操練!

2. 盡量把單詞放在有用的句子中反復(fù)操練。這是“擁有”一個(gè)單詞并把它變成你永遠(yuǎn)的財(cái)富的惟一途徑!重復(fù)是學(xué)習(xí)之母!

3. 要記住學(xué)過(guò)的生詞和短語(yǔ)，隨身攜帶一個(gè)小筆記本，記錄和復(fù)習(xí)新的材料。自己制作英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)卡片并隨身攜帶。你可以最大程度地利用每天的空閑時(shí)光，還可以強(qiáng)化你的記憶力。這個(gè)小小的行動(dòng)將會(huì)產(chǎn)生巨大的效果。

4. 大聲朗讀會(huì)大大提高你的流暢度，讓你更能集中注意力。你還可以聽到自己的錯(cuò)誤，從而可以改正。